What are nontariff measures, and why is a classification needed. Classification of nontariff measures in order to systematically assess the three sisters international standards, and to be able to compare them with national regulations, the international classification of nontariff measures icntm is used here. Nontariff measures definition the concept of ntms is neutral and does not imply a direction of impact. Nontariff measures are generally defined as policy measures other than ordinary customs tariffs that can potentially have an economic effect on international. Nontariff measures ntms are generally defined as policy measures other than ordinary customs tariffs that can potentially have an economic effect on international trade in goods, changing quantities traded, or prices or both unctadditc tab20093. As the term suggests, ntms may include any policy measures other than tari. As noted in chapter 1, icntm is maintained by unctad in coordination with a group of international. Quantitative methods for assessing the effects of non. Pdf on oct 2, 2019, fabio gaetano santeramo and others published agrifood trade and nontariff measures find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. The rise of nontariff measures united nations escap. To this end, ntms are categorized into six groups tariff like measures, quantitative restrictions, subsidies, rules of origin, frictional barriers to trade and standard.
They are defined as policy measures, other than customs tariffs, that can potentially have an economic effect on international trade in goods, changing quantities traded, or prices or both. The paper examines how nontariff measures ntms applied by the european. A nontariff barrier is a form of restrictive trade where barriers to trade are set up and take a form other than a tariff. The effects of nontariff measures on prices, trade, and. International classification of nontariff measures unctad. Nontariff measures ntms are policy measures other than ordinary customs tariffs that can potentially have an economic effect on international trade in goods, changing quantities traded, or prices or both unctad, 2012. Ntms comprise all policy measures other than tariffs and tariffrate quotas that have a more or less direct impact on international trade. The early discussion regarding ntms can be traced back to the creation of the general agreement on.
World trade organization nontariff measures and the wto. Pdf with the reduction in tariff barriers, nontariff and behindtheborder measures ntm and btb have increased in importance. The trains database remains a key source of raw data for nontariff measures affecting goods trade. International classification of nontariff measures 2019. A case for nontariff measures article pdf available in cesifo forum 202.